解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Ammonia (NH(3)) emissions from animal systems have become a primary concern for all of livestock production. The purpose of this research was to establish the relationship of nitrogen (N) emissions to specific components of swine production systems and to determine accurate NH(3) emission factors appropriate for the r...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.1189
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Water quality concerns and revised regulations are changing how confined animal feeding operations manage manure. Devising acceptable and feasible changes in manure practices requires a full understanding of the forces shaping current manure management decisions. Previous theoretical models have shown that a wide rang...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.1106
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::High levels of fecal bacteria are a concern for recreational waters; however, the source of contamination is often unknown. This study investigated whether direct sequencing of a bacterial gene could be utilized for detecting genetic differences between bacterial strains for microbial source tracking. A 525-nucleotide...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.1024
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have indicated that dissolved-phase metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(methoxy-1-methylethyl) acetamide] transported in surface runoff is retained by vegetative filter strips to a greater degree than either metolachlor oxanilic acid 12-[(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl) (2-methoxy-1-methylethy...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.0939
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of irrigation with reclaimed effluent (RE) (after secondary treatment) on the mechanisms and rates of nitrite formation, N2O emissions, and N mineralization is not well known. Grumosol (Chromoxerert) soil was incubated for 10 to 14 d with fresh water (FW) and RE treated with 15NO3- and 15NH4+ to provide a b...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.0852
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A procedure involving alkaline extraction and solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was developed and optimized for the characterization of P in animal manures (broiler, swine, beef cattle). Inclusion of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the alkaline extraction solution recovered between 8...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorus losses from arable soils contribute to eutrophication of freshwater systems. In addition to losses through surface runoff, leaching has lately gained increased attention as an important P transport pathway. Increased P levels in arable soils have highlighted the necessity of establishing a relationship betw...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.6780
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because organic sorption in soil may never reach equilibrium, a thin-disc flow nonequilibrium method may be helpful in understanding herbicide-soil interactions. This research was conducted to (i) determine the influence of incubation time on imazaquin [2-(4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl)...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.5810
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing chloride (Cl) concentration in soil solution has been shown to increase cadmium (Cd) concentration in soil solution and Cd uptake by plants, when grown in phosphate fertilizer- or biosolid-amended soils. However, previous experiments did not distinguish between the effect of Cl on biosolid-borne Cd compared...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.4960
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animal manure contains partially digested feed fiber and grains where phosphorus (P) is bound in organic compounds that include myo-inositol 1,2,3,5/4,6-hexakis dihydrogenphosphate or phytic acid (IP6). Information is needed on the effects of other (non-IP6) organic ligands (LIGND) on the enzymatic dephosphorylation o...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erythromycin has been widely used in food-producing animals and in humans, and is frequently detected as an organic pollutant in U.S. streams. In batch experiments with homoionic clays, the Freundlich isotherms were determined at 10 and 25 degrees C. The adsorption of erythromycin A was strongly influenced by clay typ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.2570
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial extracellular polymers (BEP) affect the translocation and fate of organic and inorganic pollutants in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In this study, BEP from activated sludge was compared with sludge dissolved organic matter (DOM) in terms of behavior and effects on the mobilization and bioavailability o...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.1540
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of different environmental factors on methane oxidation and degradation of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) was investigated in microcosms containing soil sampled at Skellingsted Landfill, Denmark. The soil showed a high capacity for methane oxidation resulting in a maximum oxidation rate of 104 microg C...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.7200
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was undertaken to determine the fate of As, Mo, and V (trace elements, TEs) in the sediments of a constructed wetland in use for the remediation of potentially toxic trace element-contaminated agricultural drainwater. After three years of wetland operation, sediment cores were collected to determine changes...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.2428
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substantial amounts of self-boiling, Al-rich, hyperalkaline, and saline high-level waste fluids (HLWF) were deposited to the vadose zone at the Hanford Site, in Washington State. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of similar fluids on the extent of dissolution and precipitation in the sediments...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.2354
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study is to assess whether certain ecophysiological responses (contents of total phenols, total proanthocyanidins, and total and simple flavonols), in the needles of Aleppo pines (Pinus halepensis Mill.) may be valid bioindicators for the assessment of the air quality. Samples were taken at five...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.2265
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) defoliant runoff was recently identified as an ecological risk. However, assessments are not supported by field studies. Runoff potential of three defoliant active ingredients, dimethipin (2,3-dihydro-5,6-dimethyl-1,4-dithiin 1,1,4,4-tetraoxide), thidiazuron (N-phenyl-N-1,2,3-thidiazol-5...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.2180
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the relatively pristine ecosystem in Kejimkujik Park, Nova Scotia, methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in loons, Gavia immer, are among the highest recorded anywhere in the world. This study investigated the influence of bedrock lithology on MeHg concentrations in wetlands. Twenty-five different wetland field sites...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.2085
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A field lysimeter study with bare ground and five different ground covers was established to evaluate the effect of forage grasses on the fate and transport of two herbicides in leachate. The herbicides were atrazine (ATR; 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine) and isoxaflutole [IXF; 5-cyclopropyl-4-(2...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.1992
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Water treatment residuals (WTRs) are a by-product of municipal drinking water treatment plants and can have the capacity to adsorb tremendous amounts of P. Understanding the WTR phosphorus adsorption process is important for discerning the mechanism and tenacity of P retention. We studied P adsorbing mechanism(s) of a...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.1857
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a semiarid environment, climate is a critical factor in the decomposition of surface-applied biosolids. This study examined the effect of 2- to 7-yr exposure times on the composition of single applications of New York, NY biosolids in western Texas. Exposure time effects on organic matter, N, P, S, Cu, Cr, Pb, Hg, ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.1773
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments to document the long-term effects of clipping management on N requirements, soil organic carbon (SOC), and soil organic nitrogen (SON) are difficult and costly and therefore few. The CENTURY ecosystem model offers an opportunity to study long-term effects of turfgrass clipping management on biomass product...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.1694
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in the atmosphere can stimulate plant growth and yield, whereas ground-level ozone (O3) concentrations cause the opposite effect in many areas of the world. Recent experiments show that elevated CO2 can protect some plants from O3 stress, but this has not been tested for mo...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.1603
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two novel solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques, PSRE (proton spin relaxation editing) and RESTORE [Restoration of Spectra via T(CH) and T(1rho)H (T One Rho H) Editing], were used to provide detailed chemical characterization of the organic matter from six Australian sewage sludges....
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.1523
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Continued inputs of fertilizer and manure in excess of crop requirements have led to a build-up of soil phosphorus (P) levels and increased P runoff from agricultural soils. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of two tillage practices (no-till and chisel plow) and a range of soil P levels on the...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.1436
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy metal pollution of soil has been recognized as a major factor impeding soil microbial processes. From this perspective, we studied responses of the soil biological activities to metal stress simulated by soil amendment with Zn, Pb, and Cd chlorides. The amounts of heavy metal salts added to five metal-polluted s...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.1346
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the long-term fate of the fungicide triticonazole (TTZ; 5-[(4-chlorophenyl)methylene]-2,2-dimethyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)cydopentanol) applied at a normal field dose (8.9 g ha(-1)) via seed treatment, which is the normal alternative in practice. The TTZ was applied to wheat (Triticum aesti...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.1258
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intensive livestock operations can release odorous gases from stored or land-applied manure. We measured concentrations of dust and 14 odor-causing gases at increasing distances from four feedlots near Lethbridge, southern Alberta, Canada. Concentration was determined from the amount of total dust or gas accumulated i...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.1173
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Terbuthylazine [N2-tert-butyl-6-chloro-N4-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] degradation pathways in agricultural soils were evaluated by following the appearance and mobility of its main transformation products: dealkylated and hydroxylated derivatives. Three experimental degradation studies in open field were perform...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.1089
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In northern Florida, year-round forage systems are used in dairy effluent sprayfields to reduce nitrate leaching. Our purpose was to quantify forage N removal and monitor nitrate N (NO3(-)-N) concentration below the rooting zone for two perennial, sod-based, triple-cropping systems over four 12-mo cycles (1996-2000). ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.9960
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few effective strategies exist for remediating and restoring metal-contaminated soils. We have evaluated the potential of two environmentally compatible, nondestructive, biological soil-washing agents for remediating aged, lead-contaminated soils. Two contaminated soils were washed with 10 mM rhamnolipid biosurfactant...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.8990
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer is a shallow, predominantly unconfined aquifer that spans regions in southwestern British Columbia, Canada and northwestern Washington, USA. The aquifer is prone to nitrate contamination because of extensive regional agricultural practices. A 22-month ground water nitrate assessment was pe...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.7890
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Deckers Creek watershed in northern West Virginia (USA), containing a land area of 166 km2 (63 mi2), has a long history of industrial development and attendant environmental abuses from both land and water pollution practices. The water in Deckers Creek was sampled in 1974 at 29 locations along the main stem and r...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.6540
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Place-based resource management, such as watershed or ecosystem management, is being promoted to replace the media-focused approach for achieving water quality protection. We monitored the agricultural area of a 740-ha watershed to determine the nature and scale of farm material transfers, N and P balances, and farmer...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.5620
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many soils of the Mediterranean region with a semiarid climate are subjected to progressive degradation as a result of water erosion. Biosolids and municipal solid wastes (MSW) were surface-applied once at three rates (40, 80, and 120 Mg ha(-1)) to different plots in a degraded semiarid ecosystem. The study was conduc...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.4720
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of zoonotic pathogens in animal manure on human health and well-being as a direct or indirect cause of human enteric illness is examined. Available international data are considered, but the study is focused on the developing situation in western Canada, where it is certain there will be further rapid gr...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.3830
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli is a ubiquitous component of the intestinal microflora of warm-blooded animals, and is an indicator of fecal contamination of surface waters. Ribotype profiling of E. coli is one of several genotypic methods that has been developed to determine the host origin of fecal bacteria. Like most genotypic me...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.3050
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soil chemical constituents influence soil structure and erosion potential. We investigated manure and inorganic fertilizer applications on soil chemistry (carbon [C] quality and exchangeable cations), aggregation, and phosphorus (P) loss in overland flow. Surface samples (0-5 cm) of a Hagerstown (fine, mixed, semiacti...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.2070
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, seven organic amendments (biosolid compost, farm yard manure, fish manure, horse manure, spent mushroom, pig manure, and poultry manure) were investigated for their effects on the reduction of hexavalent chromium [chromate, Cr(VI)] in a mineral soil (Manawatu sandy soil) low in organic matter content. A...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.1200
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perchlorate (ClO4-) contamination of ground water and surface water is a widespread problem, particularly in the western United States. This study examined the effect of biodegradation on perchlorate fate and transport in soils. Solute transport experiments were conducted on two surface soils. Pulses of solution conta...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.4000
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00